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Network Fundamentals, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide 2nd Edition
Network Fundamentals, CCNA Exploration Labs and Study Guide is designed to support your classroom and laboratory experience in Version 4 of the Cisco(R) Networking Academy(R) CCNA(R) Exploration curriculum. Each chapter contains a Study Guide section and a Labs and Activities section.
Study Guide
The dozens
of exercises in this book help you learn the concepts and configurations crucial to your success as a CCNA exam candidate. Each chapter is slightly different and includes multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, and open-ended questions designed to help you:
* Review vocabulary
* Strengthen troubleshooting skills
* Boost configuration skills
* Reinforce concepts
* Research topics
Labs and Activities
Hands-On Labs–This icon identifies the hands-on labs created for each chapter. Work through all the labs as provided to gain a deep understanding of CCNA knowledge and skills to ultimately succeed on the CCNA Certification Exam.
Packet Tracer Companion–This icon identifies the companion activities that correspond to some hands-on labs. You use Packet Tracer to complete a simulation of the hands-on lab.
Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge–Each chapter concludes with a culminating activity called the Packet Tracer Skills Integration Challenge. These challenging activities require you to pull together several skills learned from the chapter, as well as previous chapters, to successfully complete one comprehensive exercise.
Use this book with:
Network Fundamentals,
CCNA Exploration
Companion Guide
ISBN-10: 1-58713-208-7
ISBN-13: 978-158713-208-7
Companion CD-ROM
The CD-ROM provides all the Packet Tracer Companion and Packet Tracer Challenge files that are referenced throughout the book as indicated by the icons. These files work with Packet Tracer software V4.1.x, which is available through the Academy Connection website. Ask your instructor for access to the Packet Tracer software.
This book is part of the Cisco Networking Academy Series from Cisco Press(R). Books in this series support and complement the Cisco Networking Academy curriculum.
CONTENTS:
Chapter 1: Living in a Network-Centric World 1
Communicating in a Network-Centric World 1
Concept Questions 1
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 2
Communication: An Essential Part of Our Lives 2
Concept Questions 2
The Network as a Platform 3
Vocabulary Exercise: Define 3
Vocabulary Exercise: Identify 3
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 4
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 4
Concept Questions 5
The Architecture of the Internet 5
Vocabulary Exercise: Define 5
Concept Questions 6
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 7
Trends in Networking 8
Multiple-Choice Questions 8
Activity 1-1: Using Google Earth to View the World (1.1.1.4) 10
Task 1: Install Google Earth 11
Task 2: Run Google Earth 11
Task 3: Navigate the Google Earth Interface 11
Task 4: Reflection 13
Task 5: Challenge 13
Task 6: Clean Up 13
Activity 1-2: Identifying Top Security Vulnerabilities (1.4.5.3) 13
Task 1: Locate the SANS Resources 14
Task 2: Review the SANS Resources 15
Task 3: Collect Data 15
Task 4: Reflection 16
Task 5: Challenge 16
Lab 1-1: Using Collaboration Tools: IRC and IM (1.6.1.1) 16
Task 1: Configure the Chat Client 19
Task 2: Connect to the Chat Server 20
Task 3: Consider the Chat Session 21
Task 4: Reflection 21
Task 5: Challenge 22
Task 6: Clean Up 22
Lab 1-2: Using Collaboration Tools: Wikis and Web Logs (1.6.2.1) 22
Task 1: Define the Terms Wiki and Blog 22
Task 2: Explore Wiki Features with the TWiki Tutorial 23
Task 3: Reflection 28
Task 4: Challenge 28
Task 5: Clean Up 28
Skills Integration Challenge: Introduction to Packet Tracer (1.7.1.3) 28
Task 1: Explore the PT Interface 30
Task 2: Explore PT Operations 30
Task 3: Review the Standard Lab Setup 32
Task 4: Reflection 32
Chapter 2: Communicating over the Network 33
The Platform for Communications 33
Concept Questions 33
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 34
LANs, WANs, and Internetworks 34
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 34
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 35
Protocols 36
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 36
Concept Questions 36
Using Layered Models 37
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 37
Network Addressing 38
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 38
Multiple-Choice Questions 38
Activity 2-1: Using NeoTrace to View Internetworks (2.2.5.1) 39
Task 1: Trace Route to Remote Server 40
Task 2: Trace Route Using NeoTrace 41
Task 3: Reflection 41
Task 4: Challenge 41
Task 5: Clean Up 41
Lab 2-1: Topology Orientation and Building a Small Network (2.6.1.1) 42
Task 1: Create a Peer-to-Peer Network 43
Task 2: Identify the Cables Used in a Network 43
Task 3: Cable the Peer-to-Peer Network 43
Task 4: Connect Your Workstations to the Classroom Lab Switch 47
Task 5: Reflection 48
Packet Tracer Companion: Topology Orientation and Building a Small Network (2.6.1.2) 48
Lab 2-2: Using Wireshark to View Protocol Data Units (2.6.2.1) 49
Task 1: Ping PDU Capture 53
Task 2: FTP PDU Capture 56
Task 3: HTTP PDU Capture 58
Task 4: Reflection 58
Task 5: Challenge 58
Task 6: Cleanup 59
Packet Tracer Companion: Using Packet Tracer to View Protocol Data Units (2.6.2.2) 59
Skills Integration Challenge: Examining Packets (2.7.1.3) 59
Task 1: Complete the Topology 60
Task 2: Add Simple PDUs in Real-Time Mode 61
Task 3: Analyze PDUs in Simulation Mode (Packet Tracing) 61
Task 4: Experiment with the Model of the Standard Lab Setup 61
Task 5: Reflection 61
CHapter 3: Application Layer Functionality and Protocols 63
Applications: The Interface Between the Networks 63
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 64
Concept Questions 64
Making Provisions for Applications and Services 65
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 65
Multiple-Choice Questions 65
Application Layer Protocols and Services Examples 66
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 66
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 66
Multiple-Choice Questions 67
Activity 3-1: Data Stream Capture (3.4.1.1) 69
Task 1: Create a Sound File 69
Task 2: Observe the Properties of the Audio File 70
Task 3: Reflection 71
Task 4: Clean Up 71
Lab 3-1: Managing a Web Server (3.4.2.1) 71
Task 1: Download, Install, and Verify the Apache Web Server 73
Task 2: Verify the Default Web Server Configuration File 76
Task 3: Capture and Analyze HTTP Traffic with Wireshark 77
Task 4: Challenge 78
Task 5: Reflection 78
Task 6: Clean Up 79
Lab 3-2: E-mail Services and Protocols (3.4.3.1) 79
Task 1: Configure the Pod Host Computer for E-mail Service 81
Task 2: Capture and Analyze E-mail Communication Between the Pod Host Computer and an E-mail Server 84
Task 3: Challenge 86
Task 4: Reflection 86
Task 5: Clean Up 86
Skills Integration Challenge: Configuring Hosts and Services (3.5.1.3) 87
Task 1: “Repair” and Test the Topology 88
Task 2: Explore How DNS and HTTP Work Together 89
Task 3: Reflection 89
Chapter 4: OSI Transport Layer 91
Roles of the Transport Layer 91
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 91
Concept Questions 92
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 92
Port Type Ranges Exercise 92
The TCP Protocol: Communicating with Reliability 92
Concept Questions 93
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 93
Managing TCP Sessions 93
Internet Research Exercise 93
Concept Questions 94
The UDP Protocol: Communicating with Low Overhead 94
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 94
Lab 4-1: Observing TCP and UDP Using netstat (4.5.1.1) 95
Task 1: Explain Common netstat Command Parameters and Outputs 96
Task 2: Use netstat to Examine Protocol Information on a Pod Host Computer 98
Task 3: Reflection 100
Task 4: Challenge 100
Task 5: Cleanup 100
Lab 4-2: TCP/IP Transport Layer Protocols, TCP and UDP (4.5.2.1) 100
Task 1: Identify TCP Header Fields and Operation Using a Wireshark FTP Session Capture 102
Task 2: Identify UDP Header Fields and Operation Using a Wireshark TFTP Session Capture 108
Task 3: Reflection 110
Task 4: Challenge 111
Task 5: Cleanup 111
Lab 4-3: Application and Transport Layer Protocols (4.5.3.1) 111
Task 1: Configure the Pod Host Computer to Capture Application Layer Protocols 113
Task 2: Capture and Analyze HTTP Communication Between the Pod Host Computer and a Web Server 113
Task 3: Capture and Analyze FTP Communication Between the Pod Host Computer and a Web Server 116
Task 4: Reflection 121
Task 5: Challenge 121
Task 6: Clean Up 122
Packet Tracer Companion: Application and Transport Layer Protocols Examination (4.5.3.2) 122
Skills Integration Challenge: Analyzing the Application and Transport Layers (4.6.1.3) 122
Task 1: Repair and Test the Topology 123
Task 2: Explore How DNS, UDP, HTTP, and TCP Work Together 124
Task 3: Reflection 124
Chapter 5: OSI Network Layer 125
IPv4 125
Concept Questions 125
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 126
Vocabulary Exercise: Define 126
Networks: Dividing Hosts into Groups 127
Internet Research Exercise 127
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 127
Routing: How Our Data Packets Are Handled 127
Concept Questions 127
Vocabulary Exercise: Define 128
Routing Processes: How Routes Are Learned 129
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 129
Lab 5-1: Examining a Device’s Gateway (5.5.1.1) 130
Task 1: Understand and Explain the Purpose of a Gateway Address 132
Task 2: Understand How Network Information Is Configured on a Windows Computer 134
Task 3: Troubleshoot a Hidden Gateway Address Problem 136
Task 4: Reflection 137
Task 5: Challenge 137
Task 6: Clean Up 137
Packet Tracer Companion: Examining a Device’s Gateway (5.5.1.2) 137
Lab 5-2: Examining a Route (5.5.2.1) 138
Task 1: Use the route Command to Modify a Windows Computer Routing Table 139
Task 2: Use a Windows Telnet Client Command telnet to Connect to a Cisco Router 144
Task 3: Examine Router Routes Using Basic Cisco IOS Commands 145
Task 4: Reflection 147
Task 5: Challenge 147
Task 6: Clean Up 147
Packet Tracer Companion: Examining a Route (5.5.2.2) 148
Skills Integration Challenge: Routing IP Packets (5.6.1.3) 148
Task 1: Configure a Router Interface 149
Task 2: Examining Routes 149
Task 3: Configure a Route Using a GUI 150
Task 4: Examine the Routing of the IP Packet 150
Task 5: Reflection 150
Chapter 6: Addressing the Network: IPv4 151
IPv4 Addresses 151
Concept Questions 151
Binary-to-Decimal Conversion Exercise 152
Decimal-to-Binary Conversion Exercise 152
Addresses for Different Purposes 152
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 152
Internet Research Exercise 153
Vocabulary: Completion 153
Concept Questions 153
Assigning Addresses 154
Internet Research Exercises 154
Concept Questions 154
Is It on My Network? 155
Binary Matching Exercise 155
Concept Questions 156
Internet Research Exercise 156
Calculating Addresses 156
Concept Questions 156
Multiple-Choice Questions 157
Testing the Network Layer 157
Concept Questions 157
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 158
Lab 6-1: Ping and Traceroute (6.7.1.1) 159
Task 1: Use the ping Command to Verify Simple TCP/IP Network Connectivity 160
Task 2: Use the tracert Command to Verify TCP/IP Connectivity 164
Task 3: Challenge 166
Task 4: Reflection 168
Task 5: Clean Up 168
Packet Tracer Companion: ping and traceroute (6.7.1.2) 168
Lab 6-2: Examining ICMP Packets (6.7.2.1) 169
Task 1: Understand the Format of ICMP Packets 170
Task 2: Use Wireshark to Capture and Examine ICMP Messages 173
Task 3: Challenge 177
Task 4: Reflection 177
Task 5: Clean Up 177
Packet Tracer Companion: Examining ICMP Packets (6.7.2.2) 177
Activity 6-1: IPv4 Address Subnetting, Part 1 (6.7.3.1) 178
Task 1: For a Given IP Address, Determine Network Information 178
Task 2: Challenge 180
Task 3: Clean Up 182
Activity 6-2: IPv4 Address Subnetting, Part 2 (6.7.4.1) 183
Task 1: For a Given IP Address and Subnet Mask, Determine Subnet
Information 184
Task 2: Challenge 188
Task 3: Clean Up 191
Lab 6-3: Subnet and Router Configuration (6.7.5.1) 192
Task 1: Subnet the Address Space 192
Task 2: Determine Interface Addresses 193
Task 3: Configure the Serial and FastEthernet Addresses 193
Task 4: Verify the Configurations 193
Task 5: Reflection 194
Packet Tracer Companion: Subnet and Router Configuration (6.7.5.2) 194
Skills Integration Challenge: Planning Subnets and Configuring IP Addresses (6.8.1.3) 194
Task 1: IP Subnet Planning 195
Task 2: Finish Building the Network in Packet Tracer 196
Task 3: Configure the Network 197
Task 4: Test the Network 197
Task 5: Reflection 197
Chapter 7: OSI Data Link Layer 199
Data Link Layer: Accessing the Media 199
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 199
Concept Questions 199
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 200
Media Access Control Techniques 200
Concept Questions 200
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 201
Media Access Control: Addressing and Framing Data 201
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 201
Concept Questions 202
Putting It All Together: Follow Data Through an Internetwork 203
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 203
Lab 7-1: Frame Examination (7.5.2.1) 205
Task 1: Explain the Header Fields in an Ethernet II Frame 206
Task 2: Use Wireshark to Capture and Analyze Ethernet II Frames 209
Task 3: Challenge 212
Task 4: Reflection 212
Task 5: Clean Up 213
Skills Integration Challenge: Data Link Layer Issues (7.6.1.3) 213
Task 1: IP Subnet Planning 214
Task 2: Finish Building the Network in Packet Tracer, Attending to Some Layer 2 Issues 215
Task 3: Configure the Network 215
Task 4: Test the Network 216
Task 5: Reflection 216
Chapter 8: OSI Physical Layer 217
The Physical Layer: Communication Signals 217
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 217
Concept Questions 217
Physical Signaling and Encoding: Representing Bits 218
Concept Questions 218
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 218
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 218
Physical Media: Connecting Communication 219
Concept Questions 219
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 219
Lab 8-1: Media Connectors Lab Activity (Lab 8.4.1.1) 220
Task 1: Become Familiar with the Most Common Functions of a Cable Tester 221
Task 2: Test Different Cables for Type and Wiring Problems 223
Task 3: Perform Initial Configuration of the Fluke LinkRunner 224
Task 4: Verify Cable Length 226
Task 5: Reflection 226
Task 6: Challenge 226
Task 7: Clean Up 226
Skills Integration Challenge: Connecting Devices and Exploring the Physical View (8.5.1.3) 227
Task 1: Connect the Devices in the Standard Lab Setup 228
Task 2: View the Standard Lab Setup in the Physical Workspace 228
Chapter 9: Ethernet 231
Overview of Ethernet 231
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 231
Concept Questions 232
Ethernet: Communication Through the LAN 232
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 232
Concept Questions 233
The Ethernet Frame 234
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 234
Multiple-Choice Questions 234
Concept Questions 235
Ethernet Media Access Control 236
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 236
Concept Questions 236
Ethernet Physical Layer 237
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 237
Hubs and Switches 238
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 238
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 238
Concept Question 238
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) 239
Multiple-Choice Questions 239
Lab 9-1: Address Resolution Protocol (9.8.1.1) 241
Task 1: Use the Windows arp Command 242
Task 2: Use Wireshark to Examine ARP Exchanges 246
Task 3: Reflection 248
Task 4: Challenge 248
Task 5: Clean Up 248
Packet Tracer Companion: Address Resolution Protocol (9.8.1.2) 249
Lab 9-2: Cisco Switch MAC Table Examination (9.8.2.1) 249
Task 1: Use the Telnet Protocol to Log in to a Cisco Switch 251
Task 2: Use the Cisco IOS show mac-address-table Command to Examine MAC Addresses and Port Associations 251
Task 3: Challenge 253
Task 4: Reflection 253
Task 5: Clean Up 253
Packet Tracer Companion: Cisco Switch MAC Table Examination (9.8.2.2) 253
Lab 9-3: Intermediary Device as an End Device (9.8.3.1) 253
Task 1: Use Wireshark to Capture and Analyze Frames Originating from Network Nodes 255
Task 2: Examine the Origination of Frames in a Small Network 256
Task 3: Reflection 258
Task 4: Challenge 259
Task 5: Clean Up 259
Packet Tracer Companion: An Intermediary Device as an End Device (9.8.3.2) 259
Skills Integration Challenge: Switched Ethernet (9.9.1.3) 259
Task 1: IP Subnet Planning 260
Task 2: Repair Problems with the Ethernet Switched LAN 261
Task 3: Test the Network 261
Task 4: Reflection 261
Chapter 10: Planning and Cabling Networks 263
LANs: Making the Physical Connection 263
Concept Questions 263
Multiple-Choice Questions 264
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 264
Device Interconnections 264
Concept Questions 264
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 265
Developing an Addressing Scheme 266
Concept Questions 266
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 266
Multiple-Choice Questions 266
Calculating the Subnets 267
Concept Questions 267
Device Interconnections 268
Concept Question 268
Multiple-Choice Questions 268
Lab 10-1: How Many Networks? (10.3.2.2) 269
Task 1: Determine the Number of Subnets in Topology Diagram A 269
Task 2: Record Subnet Information 270
Task 3: Determine the Number of Subnets in Topology Diagram B 270
Task 4: Record Subnet Information 271
Task 5: Determine the Number of Subnets in Topology Diagram C 271
Task 6: Record Subnet Information 272
Task 7: Determine the Number of Subnets in Topology Diagram D 272
Task 8: Record Subnet Information 273
Task 9: Reflection 273
Lab 10-2: Creating a Small Lab Topology (10.6.1.1) 274
Task 1: Design the Logical Network 275
Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology 277
Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology 277
Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity 279
Task 5: Reflection 280
Task 6: Challenge 280
Task 7: Clean Up 280
Packet Tracer Companion: Creating a Small Topology (10.6.1.2) 280
Lab 10-3: Establishing a Console Session with HyperTerminal (10.6.2.1) 281
Task 1: Connect a Router and Computer with a Console Cable 282
Task 2: Configure HyperTerminal to Establish a Console Session with a Cisco IOS Router 282
Task 3: Configure HyperTerminal to Establish a Console Session with a Cisco IOS Switch 284
Task 3: Reflection 286
Task 4: Challenge 286
Task 5: Clean Up 286
Lab 10-3 (Alternative): Establishing a Console Session with TeraTerm 287
Task 1: Connect a Router and Computer with a Console Cable 287
Task 2: Configure TeraTerm Web to Establish a Console Session with the Router 288
Task 3: Reflection 288
Task 4: Challenge 289
Task 5: Clean Up 289
Packet Tracer Companion: Establishing a Console Session with PT Terminal (10.6.2.2) 289
Lab 10-4: Establishing a Console Session with Minicom (10.6.3.1) 290
Task 1: Connect a Router and Computer with a Console Cable 290
Task 2: Configure Minicom to Establish a Console Session with the Router 291
Task 3: Perform Basic Commands 292
Task 4: Reflection 292
Task 5: Clean Up 293
Skills and Integration Challenge: Planning and Cabling Networks (10.7.1.3) 293
Task 1: Build the Network Topology 294
Task 2: Create and Assign an Addressing Scheme 294
Task 3: Interface Configuration 295
Task 4: Testing Connectivity 295
Chapter 11: Configuring and Testing Your Network 297
Configuring Cisco Devices: IOS Basics 297
Concept Questions 297
Vocabulary Exercise: Matching 298
Cisco IOS Command Exercises 298
Test Your Knowledge 299
Applying a Basic Configuration Using Cisco IOS 299
Concept Questions 299
Multiple-Choice Questions 300
Vocabulary Exercise: Completion 301
Verifying Connectivity 301
Test Your Knowledge 301
Concept Question 301
Lab 11-1: Network Latency Documentation with ping (11.4.3.3) 302
Task 1: Use the ping Command to Document Network Latency 303
Task 2: Compute Various Statistics on the Output of a ping Capture 304
Task 3: Measure Delay Effects from Larger Datagrams 306
Task 4: Reflection 308
Task 5: Challenge 309
Lab 11-2: Basic Cisco Device Configuration (11.5.1.1) 310
Task 1: Configure Cisco Router Global Configuration Settings 312
Task 2: Configure Cisco Router Password Access 315
Task 3: Configure Cisco Router Interfaces 317
Task 4: Save the Router Configuration Files 319
Task 5: Configure a Cisco Switch 320
Task 6: Reflection 323
Task 7: Challenge 324
Task 8: Clean Up 325
Packet Tracer Companion: Basic Cisco Device Configuration (11.5.1.2) 326
Lab 11-3: Managing Device Configuration (11.5.2.1) 327
Task 1: Configure Network Connectivity 328
Task 2: Use TFTP to Save and Restore a Cisco IOS Configuration 329
Task 3: Reflection 333
Task 4: Challenge 333
Task 5: Clean Up 335
Packet Tracer Companion: Managing Device Configuration (11.5.2.2) 335
Lab 11-4: Configure Host Computers for IP Networking (11.5.3.1) 336
Task 1: Design the Logical Lab Topology 337
Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology 338
Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology 338
Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity 340
Task 5: Reflection 341
Task 6: Challenge 341
Task 7: Clean Up 341
Lab 11-5: Network Testing (11.5.4.1) 342
Task 1: Design the Logical Lab Topology 343
Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology 345
Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology 345
Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity 349
Task 5: Reflection 350
Task 6: Challenge 350
Task 7: Clean Up 351
Lab 11-6: Network Documentation with Utility Commands (11.5.5.1) 352
Task 1: Design the Logical Lab Topology 353
Task 2: Configure the Physical Lab Topology 354
Task 3: Configure the Logical Topology 354
Task 4: Verify Network Connectivity 356
Task 5: Document the Network 357
Task 6: Reflection 358
Task 7: Challenge 358
Task 8: Clean Up 359
Lab 11-7: Case Study: Datagram Analysis with Wireshark (11.5.6.1) 359
Task 1: Prepare the Lab 361
Task 2: Review the Process of Data Flowing Through the Network 361
Task 3: Analyze Captured Packets 363
Task 4: Complete the Final Analysis 365
Task 5: Conclusion 367
Task 6: Summary 367
Skills Integration Challenge: Configuring and Analyzing Networks (11.6.1.3) 367
Task 1: Plan 368
Task 2: Build and Configure the Network 369
Task 3: Test and Analyze 370
Task 4: Reflection 370
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